Morphology of crops including the development of the root system and underground parts, shoot system, flowering behavior and its relevance to breeding, fruit and seed anatomy, and the homologous features of cultivated crop families.

Discusses fundamental concepts, theories, methods, techniques, and strategies in crop improvement. The students will be introduced to basic plant breeding and genetics concepts. The applications of conventional and non-conventional breeding approaches in cultivar development, the topics on the varietal evaluation process, the release of new varieties, and seed production and distribution will be discussed in this course.